Murder Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Murder - Essay Example However, it is a fact in criminal law, that the â€Å"criminal intent† or the â€Å"mens rea† of the offender to be convicted for the commission of any of the crimes under the Code requires a different degree of culpability which is dependent on the nature of the crime. Hence, the elements of these two crimes are to be treated differently. The issue that presented before us now that needs to be resolved is: The Mens rea for murder is too narrow in certain respects and too wide in others. The fault element for involuntary manslaughter is simply too wide. To differentiate these two crimes, first thing that needs to be done is to identify the elements for the commission of each of the crimes. We start with the crime of Murder. Alan W. Norrie has reported that for the crime of murder, the case of R. V. Woolin 1 should be highlighted as the basis of defining the intention of the accused. â€Å"In this case, the House has rejected the conclusion of the Court of Appeal that f oresight of a substantial risk of death or serious bodily harm could in certain circumstances be an â€Å"alternative mens rea† that can quality to intention of the accused†. While in the case of R. V. ... However, there exists a conflict in the Woolin case which leaves the test for the criminal intention too specific. In the event that in the future a crime of murder is committed, the victim or his family shall be prejudiced by the conviction of the criminal to a lesser offence, carrying with it a lesser penalty because of non-compliance with the attendant circumstances as stated in the Woolin case, to make him liable for murder. Thus, it gives the criminal the privilege to demand for a lesser penalty and escape a portion of the imprisonment. Moreover, there are two issues which are left unanswered by the Woolin case, which concern the moral basis for convicting a criminal for murder. In one, the foresight of virtual certainty may be regarded as morally under-inclusive, while in the other, it is over-inclusive. These problems, relating to issues of good and bad motive, originated from the unstable moral core at the heart of mens rea, which the dominant subjectivist approach ignores at its peril.5 The principle laid down by Woolin case caused quite a stir because foreseeability and intention are the elements used to prove the degree of culpability of the offender. The terms â€Å"direct† and â€Å"indirect intention† are given their conservative meanings of â€Å"purpose, aim or object† and â€Å"necessary means to an end or side-effect foreseen as virtually certain to occur whether desired or not†. The argument of Norrie is that in the â€Å"process of legal and moral judgment in the criminal law, these terms cannot be fully separated from broader issues of â€Å"motive† or â€Å"ulterior intention†, understood as the moral backdrop to the intentions that are formed, and generally seen as irrelevant to culpability†6. Therefore, if the

J.K.Tyres Analysis

J.K.Tyres Analysis Executive summary A small, sincere and dedicated step towards the fulfillment of my responsibilities and duties ensured me a giant leap to accumulate knowledge and real life exposure to business during my summer training period. My first experience of corporate world started with big frame company J.K.Tyres, a division of J.K.Industries. The projects given to me deals with fitment trend, market share along with consumers perception for J.K.Tyres in truck tyres segment. The area allocated to me was Ghaziabad and Meerut and the time duration in which we completed our project was from 10th May to 24th June. The research, which was carried, was more of descriptive research thus had a planned way to proceed. For appropriate results data collection method is absolutely necessary, in this project I have to depend upon primary data, so keeping this in my mind I collected the data through a set of questionnaire and with the help of observation method to get the accurate data and time to time I made the summery of collected data so that all the datas are gathered at a single place. Personal interviews (with questionnaire) of the customer are taken in order to get their own independent views. I have taken a sample of 230 trucks for knowing the fitment trend and I have tried to cover the entire customer, in the process I met with 90 transporters. In data analysis part various statistical tools like pie bar charts are used for comparative study and convenience in understanding the data to make the data livelier COMPANY PROFILE â€Å"Excellence comes not from mere words or procedures. It comes from an urge to strive and deliver the best. Mindset that says, when it is good enough, improve it. It is a way of thinking that comes only from a power within.† H.S. SINGHANIA J.K.Tyres a division of JK industries is a flagship company under the umbrella of JK organization. The advent of JK organization on the industrial landscape of India almost synchronizes, with the beginning of an era of industrial awareness an endeavor for self-reliance and the setting of a dynamic Indian Industry. This was way back in the middle of the 19th century. And the rest that followed is history. VISION OF THE COMPANY To become the most admired company in India committed to excellence CORE VALUE JK organization has been a forerunner in the economic and social advancement of India. It always aimed at creating job opportunities for a multitude of countrymen and to provide high quality product. It has striven to make India self reliant by pioneering the production of a number of industrial and consumer products, by adopting the latest technology as well as developing its own know-how. It has also under taken industrial venture in several other countries. JK organization is an association of industrial and commercial companies and charitable trusts. Its member companies, employing nearly 50,000 persons are engaged in the manufacture of a variety of products and in diverse fields of commerce. Trusts are devoted to promoting industrial technical and medical research education religious values and providing better living and recreation facilities with the spirit of social consciousness uppermost in the minds of J.K. organization and thus it is committed to the cause of human development. Today J.K. organization, and association of industrial and commercial companies and charitable trusts, continues to grow to greater heights under the stewardship of its president, Shri Hari Shankar Singhania The principal business of JK organization includes tyre, paper, cement, drugs and pharmaceuticals, agri. Genetics, dairy and food products audio magnetic tapes, sugar, cosmetics, woolen textiles, steel, engineering, material handling system, etc. The group besides having a consistent record of growth and diversification has created a reputation for quality for all its products and most of its products enjoy a leadership status in their respective market segments. To cope up with the demand in the market most of the companies in JK organization are certified for international quality systems like ISO 9001,ISO 1401 and QS 9000. JK INDUSTRIES LTD. J.K. Industries is a merge corporate entity that is emblematic of excellence, diversification and pioneering new technologies. A part of J.K. Organization, which ranks among the top private groups in India. J.K. Industries is committed to self-reliance and follows an ethic that views customers satisfaction as an index of achievements. Over the years the company has expanded and diversified its business portfolio. It has developed into a multi product, multi-location corporate entity comprising of following business division. BACKGROUND Group companies Straw and JK Synthetic promoted JK Industries, which belong to Shri Laxmipaty Singhania faction of the J.K. GROUP, in 1951. It was initially engaged in managing agency business. Manufacturing activities began with commissioning of a 0.4mn tyres and tubes plant, in 1977 at Jaykaygarm, Rajasthan, in technical tie up with general tyre international Co., U.S.A, for manufacturer of nylon bias and radial tyres. JKI was the 1st domestic manufacturer of radial tyres. The capacity later increased to 0.625mn tyres. The Rajasthan plant labour problems in the past capacity utilization levels have been low. In 1981, a new factory was set up at Banmore, near Gwalior, M.P for the manufacturer of 0.6mn tyres, capacity has been gradually increased in both the plants and currently JKI has a combined capacity of 2.13mn tyres. In FY90, it set up JKI agri-genetics, to procedure, process and distributes hybrid and high yielding seeds of cereals, Oilseeds and pulses under the brand name of J.K. Seeds. In FY91, it set up J K Pharmachem, a JV with TIDCO for the manufacture of Penciling. It has also set up a trading arm by the name of J K International, which deals in a range of goods including agro products, leather product, textiles and marine product. In FY12/96, the companys pharmaceutical business was restructured and hived off to JK Pharmaceuticals Ltd INTRODUCTION ABOUT TYRES Tyre is an indispensable part of our vehicle and need to be chosen and looked after with care. The wheel was invented over 20,000 years ago. Early wheels were usually made from wood and as these were not flexible, the ride was extremely hard. In 1939, CHARLES GOODYEAR discovered the culcatisation process, which gave rubber its elastic properties. In 1845, R.W. THOMPSON filed a patent for elastic; air filled belt of rubber rises fabric and leather. He had great hopes of his invention becoming successful, but nobody was convinced that one could ride on air; Thompson was sadly forced to abandon his ideas. In 1888, JHON BOYD DUNLOP reinvented the pneumatic tyre and filed a patent claiming easy operation over rough roads, immunity from vibration and increased speed of vehicle. Over the year, several methods were tried to keep the inflated pneumatic tyre fixed to the wheel. By the 1920s most tyre had steel wire beading, which allowed a tyre to remain firmly fitted to the wheel rim. Development was slow and the early tyre led a troubled life, some of the common problems were punctures tread separation, cracking, tearing and even blowouts. Since tyre lasted for only a couple of thousand kilometers, the cost of replacement also account for a large part of expenses. Early tyres were mainly white because they took their colour from the reinforcing agent zinc oxide. It was not until carbon black was found to be the best reinforcing agent that tyre become black. In 1948, MICHELIN made a most significant contribution by introducing the radial tyre, which was to influence tyre design all over the world. Radials offered much superior grip but, the rede was harsh and they also had a tendency to lose grip suddenly once the limits of adhesion were crossed. In contrast, the cross-ply tyre lost its grip, in a gradual manner enabling the driver to take corrective action. Then a new generation of radial tyre evolved, in which the belts were made of rayon, which being more flexible, prevented sudden loss of grip. The evolution of the radial tyre brought about a lot of changes. For the first 60 years, the tyre industry had not been able to produce a tyre that fulfilled its long list of requirement. Good quality was achieved only at the cost of steering response; similarly extra grip resulted in faster wear and a shorter life. The radial tyre changed all this; its structure was such that each part of it could be designed independently. The tread, sidewalls, etc could have a separate construction and they could be made from different materials. New materials, rubbers compound, synthetic polymers, manufacturing methods, all have resulted in present day tyre becoming more reliable, durable, safer and almost maintenance free. In fact, modern day tyre are so good that most of us take these for granted and do not even bother giving them the 2nd look. However it is very important that we do know them better. THE ORIGIN OF WHEEL Wealthy gentlemen pushing himself through 1820s London on a hobbyhorse would have used his muscles just as efficiently as a courier dodging todays traffic on a mountain bike. The story of bicycle technology has been one of going faster for the same effort, researchers have found. Alberto Minetti, of Manchester Metropolitan University, and colleagues have been looking at the work needed to propel different bicycles of different speeds. The bicycles ranged from the hobby horse an expensive toy from the 1820s which riders kicked along with their legs, velocipedes with pedals fixed to the front wheel, through to chain- driven cycle of the 1880s that look much like todays. The main benefit of cycling as opposed to running or walking, the researchers found, is that the riders limbs no longer bear his or her weight, and so their efforts can be devoted to propulsion. Even the hobbyhorse takes two-thirds of the weight off the legs, and allows the rider to go twice as fast as a walker for the same amount of energy. All the bicycles tested were equally efficient at turning their riders muscle power in motion. This came as a shock -â€Å" we were convinced that the efficiency would have increased † as bicycle design improved, says Minetti. â€Å" But muscles were always used at there maximum efficiency.† What ha changed is the speed at which efficiency peaks. The problem with early bicycles, says Robert McNeill Alexander, a biomechanics researcher at the university of Leeds, was that â€Å" to go to reasonable speeds you had to move the pedals very fast â€Å"; leg muscles do not perform well at such high speeds. One solution was the high-wheeler, or penny-farthing, whose all-metal frame, gigantic front wheel; rubber tyres and long springy spokes give a fast and comfortable ride. Safety problems made this bicycle an evolutionary dead end. â€Å" My father used to tell me alarming stories about falling off them † says McNeill Alexander Minettis team found that the ‘safety bikes that superseded the penny-farthing actually needed more work to drive them forward. Their smaller wheels generated a higher resistance with the ground and their primitive chains demanded a lot of legwork. The subsequent invention of pneumatic tyres dramatically reduced the resistance against the road; modern cyclists expand most of their energy battling the wind. One consequence of this study could be come back for the hobbyhorse, says cycle historian John Pinkerton, one of the studys co-authors. â€Å" The hobby horse would be ideal for getting people who would have knee or hip operations back on their feet,† says Pinkerton. The researchers are currently negotiating with hospitals about this possibility. TASKS OF A TYRE A tyre has several roles to play. Its job is to absorb shocks and provide sufficient grip, respond quickly to steering inputs, and work in tandem with the brakes to bring the vehicle to a safe stop in the shortest possible distance. A tyre should have minimum rolling resistance to prevent any strain on the engine, so as to affect either speed or fuel economy. It must also run silently and keep road noise to the minimum. It must have a slow and even rate of wear and be resistance to the effects of sunlight, fuel, debris and other hazards it encounters on the roads. A tyre should be able to perform in all conditions and on all kinds of terrain. A tyre to be good looking and surveys shows that this is one must be string and capable of withstanding heavy loads and a variety of abuse such as hitting kerbed, drivers, etc. Tyres are also expected to influencing factors in the final choice made by the customers. WHAT ARE ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY TYRES? The JK Tyre, being the pioneers of radial technology in India, have taken the lead on all technological aspects to give you the very best. The eco-friendly range of green tyres is one such step in that direction. The manufacturing of these tyres requires state- of- the- art compound development and research facility. These environment friendly tyres are obtained by using special rubber compounding technology. The silica is used instead of carbon black -one of the key ingredients a normal tyre, which is not eco-friendly. The eco-friendly range of tyre help to improve tyre performance, provide better fuel efficiency than normal radial tyres even offer the benefit of low rolling resistance. In fact the JK Tyre range of eco-friendly tyres do not require any special treatment for their maintenance. All one has to do is to wash tyre periodically with mild soap solution to remove dust and mud that might subdue the colour. Advantage of eco-friendly tyres:  · Superior handling and cornering at high speeds  · Optimized tyre life  · Better dry and wet traction  · Silica-based compound for better fuel efficiency  · Reduced rolling resistance  · Less carbon black MAIN COMPETITORS IN THE MARKET SR. NO. COMPANY NAME 1. M.R.F. 2. APOLLO 3. CEAT 4. BIRLA 5. CHINESE (VIVA) JK TYRE Ever since its inception it has been JK Tyres belief in the value of technological superiority that has made it grow by leaps and bounds. This division produces and sells Light Commercial vehicles, Multi Utility Vehicles and Tractors. The company pioneered Steel Radial Technology in India in 1977 and continues be the industry leader in the industry leader in the Radial segment in India. KJ Tyre is the only Tyre Manufacturer in the country to produce high performance â€Å"T† â€Å"H† -rated steel radial tyres. JK Tyre has consciously followed a policy of continuously modernizing and expanding its tyre manufacturing facilities to retain its edge in the market place. Our customer base covers virtually the entire original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) in India together with Replacement market for four wheeler vehicles, Defence and State Transport Units. Besides India, we have a worldwide base in over 45 countries across all 6 continents. To keep pace with the market demand as well as technological leadership in Indian market, J.K. Industries acquired Vikrant Tyres Limited, Mysore in 1997.J.K.Industries and Vikrant Tyre limited are the only tyre companies in India to have received all three ISO 9001, QS 9000 and ISO 14001 certificates. This indeed is a true reflection of our commitments to system-oriented approach. Technical collaboration with M/S Continental AG, Germany, which is among the top five technical tyre manufacturers in the world to keep pace with latest technological developments. To stay at the forefront of technological advancements a state of art Research Industries Development center, Hari Shankar Singhania Elastomer and Tyre Research Institute (HASETRI) was set up, which remains the nerve center for providing cutting edge technology. In a short span of time it has emerged as the 17th largest tyre manufacturer in the world an achievement in itself. BEYOND BUSINESS Identifying with social issues and contribution to the society has been a philosophy, which has been carried on from the founding fathers. Various institutions set up by the group throughout India in diverse fields of social welfare stand testimony to this philosophy. Involved with the diverse array of medical and health services, the organization has set up a number of pioneering institutes all over country including super specialty Pushpawati research institutes, New Delhi for liver, renal and digestive diseases, the first of its kind in India. JK Tyre attaches tremendous value to RD in its efforts to maintain the high quality of its products and lead the field in innovation. HASETRI, a world-class research and development center is a symbol of this. The Hari Shankar Singhania Elastomer Tyre Research Institute (HASETRI) is the very 1st of its kind in India. Established in October 1991, HASETRI has already been recognized under SIRO (scientific and industrial research organization) by the department of scientific and industrial research (SDIR), Govt. of India. And has been acknowledged by the Indian institute of technology (IIT) and other universities for registration leading to higher studies. HASETRI fulfills the research requirements for services related to elastomer and tyre industry. PLANT LOCATION: With three plants located in Rajasthan, Madhyapradesh and Karnataka, JK tyre is the largest manufacturer of truck and bus tyre in India. The truck and bus producer accounts for nearly 74% of total tyre business in India, thus giving JK Tyre an undisputed position. Additionally, JK Tyre is the only manufacturer of truck/bus steel radial tyre, and the second largest manufacturer of 4-wheeler tyre in the country. Also JK Tyre is the largest exported tyre brand form India. It enjoys preferred premium brand status in truck bias market in USA and across many markets in Africa, Middle East and East Asia. NEW TYRE LAUNCH: During the year, the company introduced â€Å" tanker lug † and â€Å" jet haul † in the truck and bus tyre segment. In the truck tyre category â€Å"WL-407† has been launched and developed for a specific target for new car models. JKI also became the 1st tyre company to introduce jeep radial tyres. The company has a 3,500 strong dealer network nation wide. In order to increase its retail push, the company has introduced an innovative â€Å"dial a tyre† scheme. Under this scheme mobile vans are at hand to set right problems arising wheels. STEEL WHEELS: The ever-growing steel wheelers chain continues to provide cutting edge service to the customer and is a vital last mile interface problem. Several milestones have been crossed during the past year as a part of the network expansion programmes. Some of them are 1st installation of the 3D Alignment equipment at a company franchised in India to service the vehicles. INTRODUCTION JK Tyre is one of the leading domestic tyre producers and pioneer in radial tyres in India. JK Tyre has a presence in truck bus passengers cars and tractor tyre segments. My project, which was given to me, is concerned with consumers behavior, market share and fitment trend of JK Tyre in truck segment at Meerut and Ghaziabad. To understand the project it is necessary to know about trucks and tyre specifications, which are filled in their vehicle. Basically here are two types of truck: 1) 6 Wheeler 2) 10 Wheeler The examples of trucks are: TATA 1210 TATA 1613 TATA 1612 Companies like Apollo, Birla, Ceat, MRF some local players among with JK Tyre have their presence in the market in the corresponding segment. The range of JK companies of super JK, Track King, Jet miles, Jet Rib, Jet King, Jet Track 39,Jet track 39 DLX, JK DX (Rear) The tyre sizes, which are filled in these vehicles, are 90.0-20 PR16 OR PR18 for both front and rear tyres. PRODUCT PROFILE Jet Rib (front Tyre): Features Benefits  · Aggressive 5-Rib pattern for easy steering  · Computer designed to ensure uniform tread wearing.  · Sides designed to ensure uniform tread wearing.  · Strong casing for dimensional stability, longer life and better casing value.  · Dual compound tread to ensure structural stability and high mileage potential.  · The ultimate Rib tyre for maximum mileage  · Offers best value for money.  · Higher retread ability JET TRACK (REAR TYRE) FEATURE AND BENEFITS:  · For load carrying light commercial vehicle.  · Time proven patterns-Reduces lug chips  · Use of specially compounded thread rubber for cooler running and more mileage  · Special bead construction to carry heavy loads  · Special tread design for better handling  · Wider center Rib for higher initial mileage and read life Renders excellent service and clean casing fetches far better casing Value. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Research Methodology is a systematized effort to gain new fact and knowledge. The peculiarity of a research lies in its design. First the aim and purpose of research has to be explored. The determination of research methodology is a most important part of it as one has to decide what technique should be adopted. The choice of technique depends upon the scope and the nature of market research. The determination of technique facilities the research program. Question arise which analysis is relevant information and consequently identifying and solving problems in the field of marketing. While dealing with project I have tried integrate all possible way to find out customer perception and fitment trend of our brand with the help of customer feedback and observation. RESEARCH PROCESS The market research process involves the number of interrelated activities that does not follow particular sequence and often requires few steps ahead. In the project I have carried out an independent survey for the comprehensive study of JK Tyres position in Truck Tyres segment by looking in different brands of tyres used by different customers with the help of fitment survey. I also carried out a survey by making a set questionnaire for consumers to know their perception about the tyre they are using and why do they prefer that brand. Through the questionnaire I came to know what consumer wants from our brand and what are the main reasons for using or not using out brand. RESEARCH DESIGN The research carried out is a descriptive research where the purpose is to ho through an intensive study of the perception of consumers about JK Truck Tyres. DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH Descriptive research includes surveys and fact-finding enquiries of different kinds, to portray accurately the characteristics of particular individual, situation or a group. DESIGNING OF DATA COLLECTION In order to get the information I have to depend on the primary data, for that I have done 1) Finding market share 2) Fitment Survey 3) Consumer survey 4) The methods used for collecting data are; 1) Observation Method 2) Survey Method 3) Questionnaire 4) All the above stated methods were in order to get the data. To find the market share we have visited many transport companies, met with the transport owner and then observed more than 1600 fitments. In fitment survey observation method was used a set of questionnaire which has to be answered by observing the Truck Tyres itself. On the other hand method (With Questionnaire) was used for consumer contact Survey method was based on personal interview to collect detailed information from the customer. A suitable questionnaire was designed through people were comfortable in answering questionnaire was designed through were comfortable in answering questions orally rather than going through people were comfortable in answering questions orally rather than going through a questionnaire. SAMPLING DESIGN After deciding to carry out a field survey, its time for sample design .The survey was the mixture for both 1) Census Survey 2) Sample Survey For consumers contacts census techniques was used. I tried to cover almost all consumers. I have met with 90 customers who have truck vehicles. For the fitment survey it was not practically possible to cover the entire vehicle, hence sample of 230 trucks has been taken. SWOT ANALYSIS 1) Strength 2) Weakness 3) Opportunity 4) Threats STRENGTH 1) JK Tyre has a renowned name. 2) JK Tyre has one its own R D center â€Å"HASETRI† 3) A lot of quality awards are their associated with JK Tyre ISO 9001, ISO 14001 and ISO 9002 4) JK Tyre is Indias only tyre super brand. WEAKNESS 1) After sale service is good enough. 2) Schemes are not attractive. 3) Consumers perception is not strong regarding its performance. 4) Relation of dealers with customers is not good. OPPORTUNITY 1) Lot of potential in the Truck Tyre segment. 2) JK Tyre should try to concentrate on a single aspect of low cost tyre with good quality 3) More consumers awareness should be needed, as JK is one of the oldest tyre manufacturing companies, as new companies are more focused on advertising. 4) JK Tyre should try to capture its lost position by giving more advantages to its customer. THREATS 1) A good numbers of competitors are there in the tyre industry. 2) Tyre companies like Apollo and MRF are stressing on a single agenda, improving quality of tyres. 3) Apollo is totally concentrating on after sales service, while Ceat is concentrating on low price. 4) JK Tyres major competitors in the market like Apollo, MRF, Ceat and Birla are doing aggressive advertising and promoting their products FITMENT TREND OF TRUCK TYRES Fitment survey is conducted with the objective of knowing the position of different companies and their brands along with JK that are get fitted in the Truck tyres. The trend of the tyres are get fitted, company wise as well as Brand wise according to the Fitment Survey for both Front Rear are as follows: I have taken data of 230 trucks, these include 160 six wheelers and 70 ten wheelers. It means 460 front and 1200 Rear Fitment. COMPANY WISE FITMENT (IN FRONT TYRES) MEERUT Apollo: 29.12% JK: 14.10% Birla: 20.16% Ceat: 18.14% MRF: 10.08% OTHERS: 08.40% MEERUT Company wise front fitment: COMPANY WISE FITMENT (FRONT) MEERUT Apollo: 19.12% JK: 14.10% Birla: 20.16% Ceat: 18.14% MRF: 10.08% OTHERS: 08.40% MEERUT COMPANY WISE FITMENT (FRONT) COMPANY WISE FITMENT (IN FRONT TYRES) GHAZIABAD Apollo : 29.42 % JK : 20.16 % Birla : 10.44 % Ceat: 17.18 % MRF : 14.36 % OTHERS : 08.64 % Company wise front fitment Ghaziabad FRONT TYRES COMPANY WISE FITMENT (IN FRONT TYRES) GHAZIABAD Apollo : 29.42 % JK : 20.16 % Birla : 10.44 % Ceat : 17.18 % MRF : 14.36 % OTHERS : 08.64 % COMPANY WISE FITMENT (IN FRONT TYRES) BRAND WISE FITMENT (IN FRONT TYRES) MEERUT BRAND WISE FITMENT (IN FRONT TYRES) MEERUT BRAND WISE FITMENT (IN FRONT TYRES) MEERUT BRAND WISE FITMENT (IN FRONT TYRES) GHAZIABAD KZ-77R 12 AMAR 64 AT-RIB 1 XT-7 8 JET TRAK 5 JET RIB 1 TRAK KING 22 FLEET KING 14 SUPER TRAK KING 1 BT-339 10 BT-369 4 ROAD MILER 4 SUPER MILER XB 15

Excellence Is Your Best Weapon For Fighting Racism :: essays research papers

Excellence is Your Best Weapon for Fighting Racism The Bible says that "the poor will always be with us." An similar statement is that racism will always be with us. So, the question is, "What should we do about it?" There are many ways to fight racism: you might march, protest, complain, or beg the government for help. Some of these methods have worked well in the past. However, I think the best and most effective weapon today for fighting racism is excellence. Excellence will bring down more racial barriers than all the marching and shouting in the world. To develop the weapon of excellence, we must take advantage of all the educational opportunities that are available to us. Even though the doors of opportunity are not always opened equally to everyone, there are still ways to be what you want to be, go where you want to go, and have what you want to have. And it does not matter where you live, how poor you are. You still have the ability to succeed. As long as you have your health and can think, success is possible. Accepting the fact that the doors of opportunity are not opened equally to everyone, one thing that is equal for everyone is time. There is the same number of hours in the day for all of us. How you use these hours is your choice. You can use them on the playground or you can use them to play the books. Playing on the playground might give you some hours of immediate enjoyment, but playing the books will give you long-term gratification. African Americans and other minorities can no longer use the excuses of being poor or living in a bad neighborhood or small town to keep us from achieving excellence through education. In some cases, the poorer you are the more educational opportunities that are available to you. Poverty should not be an excuse for not working up to your potential. No matter how poor you think you are, there is always someone who is poorer. Please do not be embarrassed by or ashamed of the size your home town. Many individuals from small towns have become very successful and risen to the top of their professions. If President Clinton can change his address from Hope, Arkansas to 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, Washington, D.C., then you know it is possible to fulfill your aspirations, whatever they might be. President Clinton's rise to the top of his profession suggests to me that whether you are a big time runner from New York City, or a guy who runs around the block in Fall

Case Study Business Ethics

Comment on Piech’s neglect in not telling the board about Porsche buying Volkswagen shares. What is the significance of this event? During a Volkswagen supervisory meeting on April 19,2006, some of the board members asked for the reason on the dramatically changes on the price of Volkswagen shares. Unfortunately, there was no answer on this matter. Piech was the one who know about Porsche buying Volkswagen shares and purposely not informed to the board members of Volkswagen. The price of shares increased was due to Porsche keep buying the Volkswagen shares.Piech stated that he kept quiet on the increasing of the price of Volkswagen shares because he did not want the price of Volkswagen shares to increase much more higher. It is unethical behavior that done by Piech. Piech should inform the board members of Volkswagen as they can find a strategy to prevent the share price grows up abnormally. The board members have the right to be well informed on the reason of changes on the s hares price. The significance of this event is the drastically increase in the price of Volkswagen shares.Porsche tends to buy the Volkswagen shares as much as possible in order to increase the price of Volkswagen shares. Porsche would like to increase the price of Volkswagen shares in order to direct the Volkswagen shareholders that Porsche want to takeover Volkswagen. It then makes sense to the public that Porsche want the share of Volkswagen. From here, Porsche shorted huge amounts of Volkswagen shares by borrowing from the existing owners. Then, Porsche started to sell it to earn the money and buy back the shares when the price dropped.It results Porsche earned a large amount of profit by short selling the shares. As Porsche acquired a large amount of Volkswagen shares, Porsche became the Volkswagen’s largest shareholder. The Economist. (2008). How Porsche fleeced hedge funds and roiled the world’s financial markets. Retrieved from http://www. economist. com/node/1 2523898. Bloomberg. (2012). Piech Crowns 20-Year VW Turnaround With Porsche Takeover. Retrieved from http://www. bloomberg. com/news/2012-07-05/piech-crowns-20-year-vw-turnaround-with-porsche-takeover-cars. html

Reed Supermarkets: a New Wave of Competitors

Reed Supermarkets. Spring 2013Meredith Collins faces the problem of choosing the most appropriate marketing strategy for Reed Supermarkets to implement so that the company increases its market share in the Columbus, OH market from 14% in 2010 to a target of 16% in 2011. This goal should be accomplished in spite of the new competitive challenges posed by the rising prominence of dollar and limited selection stores in the food retailing industry.SWOT AnalysisInternal Strengths Reed’s quality image and exceptionally attentive customer service;Full range offerings;Attractive stores, long hours, and elegant service? case displays.Internal WeaknessesMany consumers perceive Reed’s prices are high;Capital expenditure policy freezing; 3. No consensus within management on what strategy to implement for market share growth.External OpportunitiesThe new consumer is more savvy, health and cost? conscious;Growth of private label merchandise; 3. Columbus’s economic environment is more favorable than state’s and nation’s economic environments;External Threats Dollar and Limited Selection Stores increasing market share / Aldi’s projected new stores;Economic downturn; . Significant dwindling of customer loyalty.Reed’s management is currently assessing the following alternatives to increase its market share in the Columbus market:Continue its ongoing â€Å"dollar special† campaign;Terminate the â€Å"dollar special† campaign and implement an everyday low pricing model;Convey the value created to consumers by reinforcing the range and quality of offerings;Increase low priced specials, expand private label brands, and introduce double couponing.In addition, I would also consider the following alternative: Make an offer to buy some of Galaxy’s troubling Columbus stores.In evaluating the aforementioned alternatives, Reed’s management will have to take into account that, in order to meet the targeted market s hare of 16% in 2011, they will have to increase their sales volume by $94 million, which represents a 14% increase compared to 2010 (see appendix). The present â€Å"dollar special† campaign was an attempt from Reed’s to change consumer’s perception that they have higher prices. Some Reed’s managers are confident that in another six months they will be able to change this perception while, at the same time, they reinforce customer loyalty.However, some executives believe also that the campaign detracted from Reed’s quality image as it seemed to be too close to the offering of dollar stores which could damage Reed’s image through association. The scope of this campaign (250 out of 50,000 items) does not seem sufficient to generate the additional sales required. Other executives suggest implementing an everyday low pricing model in order to tackle, in a more aggressive fashion, the high? priced image that Reed carries. This would likely requir e a complete switch of the company’s positioning from a high? nd store to a medium, more value? focused positioning. Reed’s image, as a quality and customer service oriented, could be extremely damaged by such a switch. Additionally, it would be expected that other discount stores would be reacting aggressively to this strategy. Another option is to reinforce Reed’s current positioning as a high? end store by emphasizing the range and quality of its offerings. Such strategy appeals to the more affluent households, which are more keen on premium private labels and organic produce.This customer segment has been the backbone of Reed’s growth in the past 20 years, and the company wants to be ready to satisfy its upscale tastes as the economy recovers. Operations Director Jane Wu offered yet another alternative: increase low? priced specials, expand private label brands, and introduce double couponing. The new consumer that emerged from the 2007? 2009 recessio n is more savvy and cost? conscious, which is demonstrated by the increasing share of wallet captured by dollar and limited selection stores.By acknowledging this new reality and resorting to the strategy suggested by Director Wu, the company can potentially attract new customers and appeal to both fill? in â€Å"trippers† and full grocery â€Å"runners†. This seems to be a sound strategy in order for the company to capture, in the short? term, the $94 million additional sales required to meet the target market share. It is unclear, however, if this strategy could hurt the quality image recognized to Reed’s supermarkets and as a result drive high? nd customers away. On the other hand, during difficult economic times, such as the downturn of 2008? 2011, consumers tend to opt for value. Finally, we should not discard the introduction of new stores as a strong alternative for increasing sales. The company has consistently expanded the chain in the past, with the ne w stores accomplishing similar results to existing ones. Reed’s management has made it clear that it does not wish to have capital expenditures in form of new stores in 2011.But, a struggling Galaxy chain in the Columbus market could represent an interesting opportunity for Reed to acquire some of its stores at a discounted price, and this way meeting the sales volume required for the 16% market share. Given the resistance from Reed’s management to resort to additional capital expenditure, my recommendation is that the company implements the alternative suggested by Director Wu, i. e. increase low? priced specials, expand private label brands, and introduce double couponing. For the

Interview with Fiction Author Jeff Kozlowski

Interview with Fiction Author Jeff Kozlowski Interview with Fiction Author Jeff Kozlowski Interview with Fiction Author Jeff Kozlowski By Gregg This is the first of many interviews that we plan to publish on Daily Writing Tips. Below you will find the questions that Gregg Donaldson, a contributing writer for the blog, asked to Mr. Jeff Kozlowski, a fiction author and English teacher for college preparatory students with learning disabilities. Donaldson: Tell me about your latest book, Sea of Movement. Kozlowski: Sea of Movement is my first novel written for mainstream audiences. It is a multi-cultural journey taking readers through the intoxicating waters of the South Pacific, into the shattered heart of Bangladesh, and along the rugged interior of Indonesia. I attempted to write a book that appeals to the adventurous side of both male and female readers. Female readers are generally attracted to intimate, well-developed characters and male readers are typically driven by rising action. Therefore, the characters find themselves on an elegant voyage into freedom, power, and self-destruction. I envision a couple lying in bed together or side-by-side on the beach, unable to put their twin copies down. Donaldson: Hows the first release gone? Kozlowski: Ive received great feedback from my readers. Setting, characters, and plot have been praised. The biggest compliment has been that many, many people say they couldnt put the book down, often finishing it in a single night. So I guess so far Ive accomplished my goal. Donaldson: Any tips regarding how beginners can start at fiction writing? Kozlowski: Ive actually been mentoring a few of my students who are interested in the process. My advice is to get as much formal training as you can while youre young. But at the same time, remain true to your self, true to your own voice, because writing is an art form. Listen to the feedback of your readers and make revisions accordingly, but dont take criticism to heart. Learn to combine the skills learned from formal training with the secret ideas that can only come from your own heart. Enjoy the process, it is incredibly rewarding on a personal level. Donaldson: Why do you write? Kozlowski: Each story or novel I write has a unique purpose. As a teacher, one of my biggest challenges has been getting teenagers interested in reading. Over time, Ive made it a priority to bring into my classroom high interest material that makes a difference with my students. But often teenagers are the toughest critics of great literature. So I wrote The One for various students who were especially challenging to me over the years. But even more than that, I wrote the book in attempt to reach out to everyone who has faced confusion and trauma along their journey into adulthood. I tried to portray the idea that we can make it to our dreams, no matter how dark and disturbing it is when were young. And this spring, I was given the honor of reading The One with my students. I was rewarded with feedback describing the books ability to draw readers in, believability, well-defined theme, and potential impact on the youth of our society. After facing my lovable but brutally hone st tenth graders, handling other critics feedback has been a breeze. Donaldson: Why did you write The One? Kozlowski: I hope to write a series of books geared toward young males ages 18-25 about growing up. And in part to have a male perspective in answer to the Chick Lit books Donaldson: How do you create your characters? Kozlowski: Many of my characters are created from combined memories of unique individuals Ive encountered in my life altered to fit the circumstances that Im trying to portray. The most often asked question I get from readers is, How much of this happened to you? Although I choose not to share how much of my work is biography and how much is fiction, I do get to know my characters on a personal, intimate level and feel love, hatred, sorrow, or contempt for them as their actions unfold. Sometimes, my characters become such a part of me that Im compelled to bring them into future pieces of work. Donaldson: Where do your ideas come from? Kozlowski: My inspiration comes to me when Im living in a moment of purity, often while surfing, listening to music in the car, or while reading a great authors work. The ideas come from a combination of real life circumstances experiences, extenuating, and cockamamie fantasies. While writing, I feel as though Im living through my characters and attempt to bring my readers there both visually and emotionally. Donaldson: What is your writing process? Kozlowski: I would have to say that I fall more into the Kurt Vonnegut style of writing than the Stephen King model. That is to say that I am a perfectionist and cannot move forward in my plot until I am absolutely convinced that Im satisfied with the current paragraph Im working on. But I do build my stories from skeletal bones to fully clothed beings by alternating between pouring out repressed ideas in a moment of inspiration and then going back and refining them over and over again until they tell me to move on. Donaldson: What are the positives of self-publishing? Kozlowski: I believe self-publishing has been a very rewarding experience for me. First of all, Ive done all the marketing myself, and have learned many valuable strategies that I can apply in the future. I like to be my own boss and feel like Ive been in tune with the writing process from beginning to end. But the best part of the whole process is the fact that Ive used Myspace to promote my work. Ive met many wonderful people who have given me excellent feedback on my writing through the site. I have formed intimate relationships with my readers that transcend typical author/reader relations. People tell me specifically how my words touched them and what parts were most meaningful. So what I may have lost in quantity of sales has been replaced with a sense of accomplishment in the quality of my sales. Im not merely trying to sell books, but make an impact on each individual who chooses to read my work. Donaldson: How is the Web affecting fiction writing? Kozlowski: Last spring, I was in an online contest through Gather.com, which was sponsored by Borders and Simon and Schuster. Over two thousand novels competed for a single publishing contract with Simon and Schuster and I had a great ride. Sea of Movement was chosen as one of the top twenty to move on to the finalist round. Through that contest, I realized how competitive the writing industry is, whether its through mainstream publishing, or through the net. Again, I met some great people and we keep in touch to this day. I have also made great connections through Myspace and its been very beneficial to have a more personal relationship with my readers. I also believe the web has allowed many more voices to be heard around the world. Modern publishing has become a grassroots endeavor, but at the same time the web allows it to be global. Readers have purchased my work from around the world from places such as New Zealand, England and Australian and that would not have been poss ible in the past. Donaldson: What General advice would you give to other aspiring writers? Kozlowski: My advice is to write from your heart and soul. Every one of us is a human being and we all have unique stories to share. Dont let the market get in the way of the person you are or the writer you want to become. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Fiction Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Avoid Beginning a Sentence with â€Å"With†Capitalization Rules for the Names of Games20 Slang Terms for Law Enforcement Personnel

Boots Preferred by Woodsmen

Boots Preferred by Woodsmen In a discussion ending with  a vote  with loggers, foresters and forest owners, I offer  you these recommendations for purchasing forestry, logging, or hiking boots. I also want to post this information along  with links to purchase boots from these recommended companies at competitive prices and online. Although many boot companies sell only through retail distributors and catalogs, you can purchase most of the boots right from this feature. The professional promoters of these boots have had years of experience in the woods and, to my knowledge, have no particular connection to any of the boot companies. I asked for their opinion and have listed the top boots in order of popularity according to a poll that has been on my site for years. With that out of the way, lets look at some of  the forestrys favorite boots. The Top Boots For Forest Work and Recreation Voted #1 - Danner Boots.  The Danner  Shoe  Company continues to manufacture a complete line of hiking, fishing, hunting, uniform, and work boots in their 30,000 square foot factory in Portland, Oregon, U.S.A. The Danner  wholesales to specialty retail stores and mail-order companies throughout the country and has one company-owned factory retail outlet. I prefer  Danner Boots...they sell insulated, non-insulated, etc. and they are a top quality boot. - STEVE SWANSON 1976 Voted #2 - Whites Boots (buy womens only from Amazon).  Whites Boots Company has been manufacturing Whites, Buffalo, and Hathorn Boots for over a century. Foresters, firefighters, linemen, loggers, and active hunter  and hikers who simply enjoy the outdoors have been Whites customer base. Whites specialty is in hand-crafting boots for customers requiring a custom fit to their exact specifications, utilizing a tri-dimensional fitting process to ensure proper measure. I only wear  Whites Boots  and use Obenaughes oil. Spendy but nice........ - RECYCLE1 Voted #3 - Herman Survivor Boots.  Herman Survivors boots sales and customer service are available only from Wal-Mart and are considered a budget boot (which probably had a lot to do with its high vote). I have owned several Herman survivors but only had a good experience with the Buffalo steel-toe boot and the engineer style. Voted #4 - Red Wing Boot.  From a tiny corner shop started in 1905 in Red Wing Minnesota, the Red Wing Shoe Company, Inc. has grown into a respected manufacturer of working boots and shoes as is confirmed by talking to loggers and foresters. Four facilities and hundreds of craftspeople making thousands of pairs by hand each day keep up with supplying a good boot at a fair price. Red Wings  and  Herman Survivors  are good and they are a little cheaper than Whites... Wearem every day, even to meetings and when Ill be in the office all day. - PHORESTER Voted #5 - Chippewa Boot Chippewa Boots, Inc. started with only logger boots in 1901 and are pioneers in manufacturing woods grade boots. They claim to use only the best materials, the best construction techniques, and the most innovative technology to build a boot. The result as is attested to by a loyal group of hikers and foresters are the best boots around. Here are companies that did not make the poles favorite ranking. Still, I believe they are good companies with a quality product and provide exceptional boot value per dollar spent. Honorable Mention #1 - Rocky Boots Headquartered in Nelsonville, Ohio, Rocky Shoes and Boots, Inc. provide quality outdoor and occupational footwear since 1932. Nearly 30,000 retail and catalog outlets carry ROCKY ® footwear. Honorable Mention #2 - Georgia Boots For over 60 years Georgia Boot has been a leader in the work footwear market. Based in Nelsonville, Ohio, the company manufactures and markets quality work and outdoor footwear. Georgia Boots safety footwear meets the highest safety standards set by OSHA. Honorable Mention #3 - Wolverine Boots Established in 1883 in Rockford, Michigan, Wolverine made original boots that helped build the railroads, erect skyscrapers, and expand highways across North America. Wolverine is a great boot company but just not caught on with forestry and logging types. Honorable Mention #4 - Timberland Boots Timberland is a global supplier of boots. Timberland services retail stores throughout North America, Europe, Asia, Latin America, South Africa, and the Middle East. The Timberland PRO line of boots is specially designed gear for working professional craftspeople.

Free Online Classes for West Virginia K-12 Students

Free Online Classes for West Virginia K-12 Students West Virginia offers resident students the opportunity to take online public school courses for free. Below is a list of no-cost online schools currently serving elementary and high school students in West Virginia. In order to qualify for the list, schools must meet the following qualifications: classes must be available completely online, they must offer services to state residents, and they must be funded by the government. Virtual schools listed may be charter schools, state-wide public programs, or private programs that receive government funding. List of West Virginia Online Charter Schools and Online Public Schools West Virginia Virtual School Online Charter Schools and Online Public Schools Many states now offer tuition-free online schools for resident students under a certain age (often 21). Most virtual schools are charter schools; they receive government funding and are run by a private organization. Online charter schools are subject to fewer restrictions than traditional schools. However, they are reviewed regularly and must continue to meet state standards. Some states also offer their own online public schools. These virtual programs generally operate from a state office or a school district. State-wide public school programs vary. Some online public schools offer a limited number of remedial or advanced courses not available in brick-and-mortar public school campuses. Others offer full online diploma programs. A few states choose to fund â€Å"seats† for students in private online schools. The number of available seats may be limited and students are usually asked to apply through their public school guidance counselor. Choosing a West Virginia Online Public School When choosing an online public school, look for an established program that is regionally accredited and has a track record of success. Be wary of new schools that are disorganized, are unaccredited, or have been the subject of public scrutiny. Evaluating virtual schools is important to ensure that it meets the students needs and fulfills educational requirements.

Changing Role of HRM Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Changing Role of HRM - Essay Example This essay explores the functions of HR department within a company and the changing role it performs nowadays. Humans have always been a critical resource for almost all organizations for a greater or lesser extent. They are diverse, necessary and at times problematic as well. Talented and capable employees are the foundation stone of a competitive edge for most organizations. Since 1900, the field of Human Resource Management has gone forward a great deal. Initially, it was only about the clerical operations of an organization and activities such as payroll, employee records and arrangement of community trips. Until 1960s and 1970s, these activities stayed under the umbrella of Personnel Development, however with the social legislations that passed in these years striking changes modified the organizational element of human resource. With great inclination towards globalization, competitions, mergers as well as acquisitions in 1990s, there was an increase in concern for costs, plan ning and implementation of strategies for both organization as well as its employees, finally compelling a structured development of a Human Resource Department. With the changing trend, the empowering of HR department is elevating. From the very basic to the very top, HR performs four different roles today. These are the roles as administrator, employee advocate, operational and strategic. While the administrative role focuses largely on the secretarial and clerical supervision, employee advocate role aims to serve as a morale officer.

How do you define success Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

How do you define success - Essay Example The most successful people were clearly those who had all the parties, had attractive boyfriends and girlfriends, and sat at the right lunch tables. Today I look back at this adolescent phase and consider that while my understanding of success was widely shared, I can’t help but feel it was rooted in an illusionary understanding of reality and what is important in life. Today I define success much differently. Rather than viewing success in terms of other people, I understand success as a matter of personal meaning and social contribution. I think that it’s important that human beings live their lives with purpose. Too often people are caught seeking acceptance from others and personal wealth as they believe these things constitute success and personal happiness, when in actuality they are a mirage. True success is living life to one’s full potential in ways that contribute to the world in positive ways. For me, this means seeking out and sharing new and interesting ideas, living with a social conscience, and a sense of morality. I’m not a stoic, and I believe life is full of enjoyment, but if we are to achieve a lasting sense of accomplishment it must come from a personally defined sense of meaning and purpose. This is the true definition of

Apple Company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Apple Company - Essay Example These include emails, banners, the company site, and social sites such as face book. The online advertisement is an effective way because it enables the Apple Company to reach may people. Additionally, online advertisements have no geographical restrictions that businesses may encounter when using other mediums (Durkin & McGowan, 2001). The company also prefers this mode of advertisements because it is target oriented. In the internet, one can find may websites that serve particular groups of people. The websites serve individuals in particular age groups and occupations. Apple advertises its products on its website, technology sites and social sites. This has given it the chance to reach the consumers who are particularly interested in procuring its goods (Durkin & McGowan, 2001). Furthermore, the use of the internet as an advertisement media has reduced the firm’s expenses. This because compared to other mediums, this mode is cost effective. When advertising through the inte rnet, Apple only pays when its potential consumers visit its websites. Additionally, the media is very informative since consumers can get all the important information about the products. The other forms of advertisements only give brief information about the products because they are expensive. ... Researches show that people spend approximately five to six hours watching TV. Since many households have televisions, the Apple adverts can reach many individuals. In addition, the media uses sound, pictures and words, which capture the consumers emotionally especially through the soundtracks. In additional, the company can reach its target population through TVs like online adverts. It can reach certain audiences when watching their favorite programs (Business Editors/High, 2001). Newspapers Apple markets its products through newspapers and magazines. In America, almost all homes can access newspapers daily. In the new papers, there are sections targeted for all people. For instance, there, are sports, news, and classifieds sections. In order to reach certain groups of people, the apple company markets its products in specific newspaper sections. Therefore, the company has also increased its sales through the newspaper ads (Durkin & McGowan, 2001). Magazine The publishers produce m agazines for young and the older persons in the society. Apple also uses magazines to market their goods. Magazines are also effective advertisement modes because the company reaches people of all ages. Additionally, magazines give the company more power when creating layouts to market its goods. Moreover, they have longer shelf life because people always keep their favorite magazines and they can read them many times. Therefore, they can read the adverts many times and influence their friends (Yuan, 2006). How essential marketing is in our life Enhancing product awareness Marketing is a vital aspect in businesses since it contributes to the high performance of organizations. The business products and distributions largely depend on marketing. Marketing enhances the public

Marketing Strategies Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Marketing Strategies - Research Paper Example However, changes in technology will be the key trend that will affect the business. Express Vending LLC will keep track of the changing technology and adjust accordingly. Express Vending LLC will a family owned business that will provide high quality beverage and vending equipment for commercial purposes. The company will take advantage of the current situation in which customers lack high quality equipment at reasonable prices. Initially, the business will operate locally but will expand to global markets such as the European market. The business plans to approach the market by introducing unique products that are technology intensive. The company will offer three vending products; Sandwich Express, Fresh Juice Machine and Multi-line Machine. The company will also offer restaurant equipment such as Fresh Juice squeezer and Expresso Makers and Toasters. The company will target Branded Juice firms, Sandwich manufacturers and distributors and end users. â€Å"The mission of Express Vending LLC is to be the dominant company in both the vending machine and the restaurant equipment industries by providing easy access to a wide range of unique, high quality and innovative products at reasonable prices. We believe that we will be successful in meeting the needs of our customers by developing close contacts with them so that we have cordial relations with them. Express Vending LLC will earn adequate stream of profits from its operations so that stability can be sustained and even finance the future growth avenues. We will ensure that all our business operations will be conducted ethically and the value is added to our community by maintaining a familiar and friendly environment.† The business will use an advertising strategy that will segment, target and position in the market in order to market products effectively. Targeting will ensure that the right advertisement reaches

Protecting Private Property Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Protecting Private Property - Term Paper Example The fact is that Hitler was a socialist, but he also betrayed his socialist principles by promoting the enrichment of a few individuals at the expense of the populace. Despite its massive industrialization and military development at the height of Nazi rule, the German economy was not thriving, and economic growth did not trickle down to the peasants. Looking at this statement at face value suggests that Hitler was a capitalist. However, as a capitalist, he should not have been encouraging and participating in the destruction and grabbing of private Jewish property and businesses. The irony is ridiculous, to say the least. Man must be put in a Position to Develop Freely the Talents that God has given HimI totally agree with this statement. From religious and philosophical perspectives, it is obvious that God created every one of us with a special talent and wanted the best for mankind. In the book of Genesis, God says during the creation that He created man in His own image and liken ess. From the little we know about God, He is omnipotent, omnibenevolent, omniscience and omnipresence. Since we were created in His image and likeness, we should be able to demonstrate limited aspects of these attributes because we cannot be exactly like Him. However, we have abilities that God gave us and only Him – not another man – can deny us the opportunity to develop those God-given human talents and abilities. It is often said that one is born with a talent or ability, or â€Å"was meant† to do something.

Evaluate the purpose and practice of Alternative Dispute Resolution Essay

Evaluate the purpose and practice of Alternative Dispute Resolution and discuss how successful A.D.R has been within the English Legal System - Essay Example escribes, ADR is attracting a wide range of sponsors, making it appear that it has the support of almost everyone.1 Judges in England are increasingly seeing ADR as a way to ease their caseloads. Government is attracted to ADR as a fruitful area for its own professional practice. This diversity of interests and motivations needs to be kept centrally in mind in any assessment or evaluation of ADR procedures and their place in civil justice. Roberts distinguishes what he calls three "lives" of ADR, in the sense that the label has become attached to areas of practice in three significantly different locations: In this third "life," ADR is incorporated as part of the judicial repertoire of dispute management techniques, and it is this third "life" that is of primary concern here. In approximately the last twenty years, the U.K., like the U.S., has seen a growing number of moves to institutionalize "alternatives" to litigation, albeit on a much smaller scale.3 Important examples include the growth of mediation in family, commercial, and employment disputes.4 A range of organizations and bodies have become established that offer mediation and other forms of ADR. Examples are the Centre for Dispute Resolution (CEDR) and International Dispute Resolution (IDR) in Europe, which offer a range of ADR methods in commercial disputes, divorce cases, medical negligence claims, and other forms of dispute. Thus far, however, the volume of work remains small. Lawyers have become increasingly active in ADR initiatives in England. A number of major reports has been sponsored by the legal professions disciplinary bodies--the Law Society and the General Council of the Bar.5 The Lord Chancellors Department has set up a major review of civil court procedure by Lord Woolf, one of our House of Lords judges, with a view primarily to cutting the cost of the civil justice system. ADR and civil procedure are increasingly seen as interwoven amongst academics. They were discussed together at the

Protecting Private Property Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Protecting Private Property - Term Paper Example The fact is that Hitler was a socialist, but he also betrayed his socialist principles by promoting the enrichment of a few individuals at the expense of the populace. Despite its massive industrialization and military development at the height of Nazi rule, the German economy was not thriving, and economic growth did not trickle down to the peasants. Looking at this statement at face value suggests that Hitler was a capitalist. However, as a capitalist, he should not have been encouraging and participating in the destruction and grabbing of private Jewish property and businesses. The irony is ridiculous, to say the least. Man must be put in a Position to Develop Freely the Talents that God has given HimI totally agree with this statement. From religious and philosophical perspectives, it is obvious that God created every one of us with a special talent and wanted the best for mankind. In the book of Genesis, God says during the creation that He created man in His own image and liken ess. From the little we know about God, He is omnipotent, omnibenevolent, omniscience and omnipresence. Since we were created in His image and likeness, we should be able to demonstrate limited aspects of these attributes because we cannot be exactly like Him. However, we have abilities that God gave us and only Him – not another man – can deny us the opportunity to develop those God-given human talents and abilities. It is often said that one is born with a talent or ability, or â€Å"was meant† to do something.

Chronic condition Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Chronic condition - Essay Example II diabetes then discuss the experience of the patient’s diabetes, and compare this with the typical lived experience of those suffering the same condition. It shall then present an outline of any differences in the perceptions held by the patient and their family members concerning their diabetes compared to that of the general community. Finally, it shall discuss what self-management the patient requires, as well as the discharge plan and community referrals. This case study is being carried out in order to establish clear pathways of disease processes, especially in relation to chronic diseases. Diabetes is a chronic disease which is currently affecting about 300 million people around the world. In fact, in 2004, about 3.4 million died from afflictions related to this disease. About 80% of these deaths have been seen in the poorer and middle income states and these deaths are seen to double by the year 2030 (WHO, 2011). According to the World Health Organization (2011), diabetes is a â€Å"chronic disease that occurs when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin, or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces†. This condition then leads to increased blood sugar or hyperglycaemia which, if uncontrolled, can eventually cause serious damage to the body’s nerves and blood vessels. This disease is classified into type I, which is insulin-dependent diabetes with the body’s inability to produce enough insulin for normal functioning; and to type II diabetes or non-insulin dependent diabetes which is basically the body’s ineffective u se of insulin (WHO, 2011). Type II is the more common type of diabetes and is the type which is currently affecting Ronald. And despite the ominous gravity of this disease on the human body, it is however a preventable, if not a curable illness. Ronald was first diagnosed with diabetes at the age of 57. He recalls the initial symptoms which he felt before seeking consult included: excessive thirst,

The Inter Professional Practice In Social Work Social Work Essay

The Inter Professional Practice In Social Work Social Work Essay This essay will outline and explain why inter professional collaborative practice in social work is important. It will also examine key factors that help or hinder effective inter professional collaborative practice. It will explain why it is important that professionals work together and effectively as a team and the consequences that can occur when professionals fail to collaborate successfully. There has been a great deal of political and professional pressures for the development of inter professional collaborative practice. From the late 1990s onwards there were vast amounts of official documents to promote the importance of collaborative working within the health and social care sector. The 1998 social services White Paper Modernising Social Services (DoH, 1998) and The NHS Plan (2000) devoted entire chapters to the subject. It has been argued that inter professional working has advanced further in relation to services for older people than it has in relation to children and families. The Green Paper Every Child Matters (DfES 2003) recognised this and one of the main elements of this paper focused that improved collaboration was required so as not to repeat the tragic events of the Victoria Climbie case (this case will be discussed in further detail later in the essay). Government recognition suggests that many social problems cannot be effectively addressed by any given organisation acting in isolation from others. That is, when professionals work together effectively they provide a better service to the complex needs of the most vulnerable people in society. Inter professional collaborative practice involves complex interactions between a range of different professionals and is when professionals work together as a team to reach mutually negotiated goals through agreed plans. It is a partnership that can be defined as a formal agreement between the different professions who agree to work together in pursuit of common goals. Collaborative is defined as putting that partnership into operation or into practice. It involves the different professions working together and using their own individual skills instead of working in opposite directions to meet the needs of particular service users. It is suggested that when social workers and other professions work collaboratively the service user gets a better deal. Willing participation (Henneman et al, 19 95, cited in Barrett et al, 2005, p.19) and a high level of motivation (Molyneux, 2001, cited in Barrett et al, p.19) have been stated as vital aspects of effective inter professional collaboration. Social workers have certain ethical obligations to society that they must follow and this comes in the form of The British Association of Social Work (BASW) Code of Ethics and the National Occupational Standards for social workers. The Code of Ethics follow five basic values, Human Dignity and Worth, Social Justice, Service to Humanity, Integrity and Competence whilst the National Occupational Standards outline the standards of conduct and practice to which all social workers should adhere to. Whilst working in collaboration with other professionals, social workers should follow these Codes and Standards to ensure that the best possible outcome is achieved for the service user. In the past inter professional collaborative practice has been difficult with many disadvantages and that this has caused problems between the different professions involved. This has in the past led to catastrophic tragedies as in the case of Victoria Climbie. Shared accountability is important for effective collaboration and all professionals should be accountable. Each profession should support one another, not be seen as self interested and that no one profession is higher than another. Some of the problems that can occur are when there is not a logical distribution of power. Unequal power distribution can be oppressive (Payne, 2000, cited in Barrett et al, 2005, p.23) and can limit participation for some group members. Struggles for power are rooted in professional tradition and social difference. It is believed by some critics of social work that social workers have often been located in settings where they were considered as subordinate to other more established professional g roups (Brewer and Lait, 1980, cited in Wilson et al, 2008, p.401). Traditionally there have been difficulties within the medical profession and Cooke et al, (2001, cited in Barrett et al, 2005, p.23) suggests that general practitioners felt threatened by a redistribution of power and had problems letting go of their traditionally held power base. Social work in the past has been described as a semi profession and similar to nursing and teaching and not comparable to the learned profession of medicine or law as it does not have the required features of those professions (Freidson 1994). Payne (2000 cited in Barrett et al, 2005, p.23) identifies this as peoples capacity to get what they want. Power in inter professional collaborative practice should be shared and distributed and no hierarchy of power should exist. If some professionals see themselves as more powerful than another they are not meeting the needs of the service user. Being territorial and not sharing information and know ledge has long been a problem in inter professional collaborative practice. Molyneux (2001, cited in Barrett et al, 2005, p20) found that professionals who were confident in their own role were able to work flexibly across professional boundaries without feeling jealous or threatened. Professional adulthood was an expression used by Laidler (1991, cited in Barratt et al, 2005, p.20) to describe professionals who were confident in their own role to share information and communicate effectively with other professionals. These professionals do not feel territorial about relinquishing their knowledge and understanding to further enhance good inter professional collaborative practice. Stapleton (1998, cited in Barrett et al, 2005, p.20) suggests that a combination of personal and professional confidence enables individuals to assert their own perspectives and challenge the viewpoints of others. Open and honest communication is a vital and probably one of the most important aspects of inter professional collaborative practice. It requires professionals to take into account each others views, be respectful, dignified and to listen to each other without being highly critical of one another. Constructive criticism needs to be undertaken alongside constructive suggestions and encouragement and should take place at a time when other professionals are receptive. Active listening is an important skill. To be able to recognise and respond to what is being communicated is a fundamental skill. Professionals working collaboratively should demonstrate this verbally and non-verbally to each other. This is greatly helped if all concerned put aside the typical stereotyping of each others professions in order to hear and listen to what the speaker is saying. Keeping good eye contact and having good body language is just as important. It is estimated that approximately two-thirds of communic ation is non-verbal, i.e. something is communicated through body language by a body movement, a posture, an inflection in the voice (Birdwhistell, 1970, cited in Wilson, 2008, p.297). A breakdown in communication and the lack of sharing of information between the professions in the past have been major failings in inter professional collaborative practice for example in high profile child protection inquiries and this has led to tragic consequences. Effective systems of communication and knowing what information should be shared are essential not just between the professions but also between the service users. Trust, mutual respect and support are key features to inter professional collaborative practice. Trust was highlighted by many professionals as one of the most important factors in successful collaboration. When trust is absent professionals may feel uncomfortable and insecure in their role and this in turn can lead to defensive behaviour to counteract their insecurities. Stapleton (1998, cited in Barratt et al, 2005, p.22) suggests that trust develops through repeated positive inter professional experience and develops gradually over a period of time. Trust cannot be gained overnight so it is important for professionals working collaboratively to give one another time for trust to develop. When professionals feel valued, they feel respected. This can be achieved by actively listening to each other and having an insight into one anothers professions. Conflict between the professions can have a huge impact on the different professionals and service users. Loxley (1997, cited in Barrett et al, 2005, p.24) suggests that conflict is interwoven with collaborative practice. To counteract some of the problems associated with conflict it may be beneficial to all concerned to form ground rules. These ground rules could go some way to prevent and help the management of conflict and could include; open discussion and the obligation to be able to give each other honest feedback. Most importantly these ground rules need to benefit all parties involved. A great deal of emphasis is placed on social workers to critically reflect their practice. It literally means that social workers reflect on their practice before, during and after, thinking through tasks carefully. Other professionals may not do this in line with social workers beliefs of critical reflection or in the same way or see that reflection on their own practice is an important aspect of successful inter professional collaborative practice. To illustrate the above points a practice example will now be explained. The inquiry into the death of ten year old Victoria Climbie highlights the disastrous consequences when communication in inter professional collaborative practice fails. This child death case was fraught with communication breakdowns across the range of professionals associated with the case. In Lord Lamings report (2003) he draws attention to and illustrates lack of communication as one of the key issues. Victoria Climbie was failed by a system that was put into place to protect her. Professionals failed in this protection by not communicating with each other or with Victoria herself. One of the criticisms in the Laming Report (2003) was that none of the professionals involved in the case spoke to Victoria about her life or how she was feeling and suggests that even basic service user involvement was absent. There was an opportunity which is highlighted in his report that a social worker missed an opportunity t o communicate with Victoria by deciding not to see or speak to her while she was in hospital. It could be argued that if basic levels of communication with Victoria herself had been implemented, then more could have been achieved to protect her. It was not only a lack of communication with Victoria herself but a lack of communication between the professions that were investigated in the Laming Report (2003). Communication is equally important between the service user and the different professional bodies. Professionals are less effective on their clients behalf if they cannot communicate precisely and persuasively. (Clark, 2000, cited in Trevithick, 2009, p.117). For successful inter professional collaborative practice to work a combination of personal and professional skills are required, together with competent communications skills to enable the different professions to challenge the views of others. Recommendation 37 of the Laming Report (2003) states The training of social work ers must equip them with the confidence to question the opinion of professionals in other agencies when conducting their own assessment of the needs of the child. On at least one occasion, this did not happen when a social worker did not challenge a medical statement which turned out to be professionally incorrect which in turn led to the tragic eventual death of Victoria. Had the social worker challenged the medical opinion in this instance then it could be argued that more efficient communication and less confusion in the case may have saved Victoria. Alan Milburn (Hansard 28 January 2003, column 740, cited in Wilson et al, 2008, p.474), the then Secretary of State commented when introducing the Children Bill in the Commons that Victoria needs services that worked together and that down the years inquiry after inquiry has called for better communication and better co-ordination. Communication lies at the heart of high quality and successful inter professional practice and Victoria is just one case of when there is a lack of communication between the professionals and the devastating consequences that can arise. In conclusion, successful inter professional collaborative practice has many elements and all these different elements require that the different professions adopt them. Although inter professional working practice has been around for many years and is not new, it still needs to be continued, developed and incorporated into the daily work of all professions. When health and social care professionals from different disciplines truly understand each others roles, responsibilities and challenges, the potential of inter professional collaborative practice could be fully realised and many of the barriers alleviated, giving a more successful outcome to the service user.

Water Management in Jordan Essay -- Environmental Management Science

Water shortage is a global problem and the consequences of water deficit can be a future crisis. According to Hasan Ali (2002, 1-3) the world large water deficient region is the Middle East. Jordan is one of the water-scarce countries in this area, Jordan is similarly in the top of ten water-deficient countries. The reasons of this problem are the features of nature such as semi-arid climate, few water sources and low precipitation. Because of that, the country has the lowest per head basis of water in the world. The other reasons are social effects namely rising population, resulting from a high degree of urbanization, gain of engineering systems and economic development (Akawwic et al. 2009, 197-198). The aim of this essay is to suggest the most effective solutions to avoid the future crisis in Jordan. Four solutions will be analysed in this essay: firstly, adoption of irrigation systems; secondly, water harvesting; thirdly, desalination; fourthly, water management. Initially, the largest customer of water resources is the agriculture sector. It is a really danger for Jordan because the statistics show that water consumption of agriculture is about 80 % of all water. Therefore, firstly, the suitable solution is to reduce water consumption of agriculture (Akawwic et al 2010, 201). It could be realized with using effective irrigation methods such as drip or micro irrigation (ibid.,202). The irrigation methods, in particular, â€Å"furrow and basin irrigation†, which were often used in past, required large quantities of water. Therefore, these approaches were substituted by micro irrigation, in order to economize water resources (Abbasi et al 2010, 337). Generally, micro irrigation is the favourable and effective method, but there is in... ...October 24, 2010 ) Beithou. N. 2006. Proposed water management and control device for water losses problem in Jordan. J.Environ. Eng. Sci. 5:443-446. EBSCOhost http://www.search.ebscohost.com / (accessed November 5, 2010) Hasan Ali, B. 2002. Modern and Traditional Irrigation Technologies in the Eastern Mediterranean: Water-demand management in the Mediterranean. 2nd ed. Ottawa, ON, CAN: IDRC Books. Ebrary http://site.ebrary.com/lib/astana/ (accessed ) Hassan,Y, F. Molle and J-P. Venot. 2008. Irrigation in the Jordan Valley: Are water pricing overly optimistic? Agricultural Water Management. 95:427-438. Science Direct http://www.sciencedirect.com/ (accessed October 24, 2010 ) Mohsen. S. 2007. Water strtegies and potential of desalination in Jordan. Desalination. 203: 27-46. Science Direct http://www.sciencedirect.com/ (accessed November 5, 2010 )

Dictating Lies and Deception Essay -- Terrorism, Bush

September 11, 2001 marked a tragic day in the history of the United States; a terrorist attack had left the country shaken. It did not take long to determine those who were behind the attack and a call for retribution swept through the nation. Citizens in a wave of patriotism signed up for military service and the United States found resounding international support for their efforts in the war on terror. Little opposition was raised at the removal of the Taliban regime and there was much support for bringing Osama Bin Laden and the leaders of al-Qaeda to justice. Approval abroad diminished approximately a year and a half later when Afghanistan became a stepping stone to the administration’s larger ambition, the invasion of Iraq. The administration would invent several stories and in some cases remain silent of the truth where would prove positive for the Iraqi invasion. It seems they were willing to say anything to promote the largely unpopular and unnecessary war they were resolved on engaging in. Bush had been eager to go to war with Iraq from the moment he stepped into office and the administration's focus was chiefly on Iraq even before the war in Afghanistan had begun. In Where Men Win Glory, the text reveals that â€Å"in November 2001, President Bush and Vice President Cheney had instructed Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld to secretly create a detailed plan for the invasion of Iraq† (Krakauer 192). Though it is almost unthinkable, the United States had been attacked this very month by al-Qaeda. The government should have been duty bound on capturing Osama Bin Laden and disbanding the terrorist group al-Qaeda. Instead, they were fashioning Iraqi invasion plans. Krakauer establishes additional proof of this stating, â€Å"th... ...n Iraq to be over. Yet, the war was far from over and Iraqis were still fighting against what they perceived as an occupation of their country by the United States. As poignantly realized five years later when over 10,000 Iraqis assembled at the very location of the statues toppling for a truly historic event. The New York Times describes that â€Å"[the Iraqis] gathered in Baghdad’s Firdos Square †¦ to protest the security agreement with the United States that is scheduled for a vote† and â€Å"demonstrators hanged a black-hooded effigy of President Bush from a column with powerful symbolism: it supported the statue of Saddam Hussein that was toppled by American troops in April 2003† (Farrell et al.). In May of the following year the Bush Administration would revisit its previous devices to conceal the truth of the circumstances surrounding the death of Patrick Tillman.

Difference between Branding and Brand Equity Essay

â€Å"Though no one can go back and make a brand new start, anyone can start from now and make a brand new ending†. (Bard qtd. in. ThinkExist. com) This quote shows one fact that the process of ‘branding’ is endless. Because, simply, when ‘brand equity’ is known or measured, the brand could be protected and managed properly. This essay aims at giving an overview of the ‘branding’ and ‘brand equity’ terms or concepts to show the difference between both of them. And due to the fact that â€Å"both terms are usually defined around the concept of adding value to a product (or service)† (Binnie 17), it could be hard for some people to differentiate between both of them. That’s why the best approach to realize the difference between ‘branding’ and ‘brand equity’ is to dig and search in the literature to define both terms to know what is meant by each one of them. However, before separating each term from the other -to know the difference between both of them-, let’s move to the real world to have an idea about a simple fact concerning a certain brand (Coca-Cola in this case). This interesting example –mentioned by Blackett- deserves to be mentioned here to realize how important a brand could be for a company. â€Å"By mid-2002, Coca-Cola Company’s stock market value reached $136 billion, while the business net asset value (the book value) was only $10. 5 billion†. (5) The interesting fact here is when we add this information to the fact that: â€Å"The value of Coca-Cola brand for the same period (mid-2002) was estimated by $70 billion (over half of the $136 intangible value mentioned above! . † (Blackett 5) Then, after realizing the importance of ‘branding’ to the company in the marketplace -in the previous example-, it’s time to know what is meant by both terms, ‘branding’ and ‘brand equity’. First of all, a ‘brand’ is defined by the Dictionary of Business and Management as â€Å"a name, sign or symbol used to identify items or services of the seller(s) and to differ entiate them from goods of competitors. † (qtd. in. BuildingBrands Ltd. ) However, a ‘brand’ is more than a name, a sign or a symbol. In another word, this definition is not sufficient to describe the term ‘brand’. Grimaldi gave a better definition for the term ‘brand’ as â€Å"a combination of attributes, communicated through a name, or a symbol, that influences a thought-process in the mind of an audience and creates value. † And this is what Blackett assured when he mentioned that â€Å"the visual distinctiveness of a brand may be a combination of any of the following: name, letters, numbers, a symbol, a signature, a shape, a slogan, a color, a particular typeface. (3) Also, Davis (2) defined the ‘brand’ term as â€Å"all the promises and perceptions that an organization ‘wants’ its customers to feel about its product(s) and service offerings. † (2) Now, moving to the ‘branding’ concept or term, according to Davis (1), ‘branding’ is a complex ‘process’, but its goal is simple: it is the creation and development of a specific identity for a company, product, commodity, group, or person. † (3) Grimaldi mentioned an interesting definition for ‘branding’: The blend of art and science that ‘manages associations’ between a brand and memories in the mind of the brand’s audience. † And this blend â€Å"involves focusing resources on selected tangible and intangible attributes to differentiate the brand in an attractive, meaningful and compelling way for the targeted audience. † Now, after understanding what is meant by both ‘bra nd’ and ‘branding’ terms, it’s time to know what is meant by ‘brand equity’ term or concept. The ‘brand equity’ concept â€Å"emerged in the early 1990s†, (Tuominen 96) and introduced in marketing literature in the 1980s† (Rajh 1) and before mentioning definitions of this term, it is necessary to realize that â€Å"brand equity is the key to understanding the net impact of marketing† (Reynolds and Philips qtd. in. Binnie 16) According to Hoeffler and Keller, â€Å"most definitions of brand equity rely on ‘brand knowledge’ structures in the minds of consumers –individuals or organizations-† (421 qtd. in. Binnie 17). And Pullig gave a simple definition to the term ‘brand equity’ as â€Å"consumer brand knowledge†. Keller also defined the ‘brand equity’ term as â€Å"the ‘differential consumer response’ from ‘knowing’ the brand†. (qtd. in. Binnie 17) According to Keller and Kevin, ‘brand equity’ is â€Å"the value of the brand in the marketplace† (qtd. in. Pullig). McDonald added another dimension when she defined it as â€Å"the stored value built up in a brand which can be used to gain ‘market advantage’† (2). So, after studying these definitions, it is obvious -as Tuominen mentioned- that â€Å"there are three key ingredients in the ‘brand equity’ definition and they are: (1) brand knowledge, (2) differential effect, and (3) consumer response to marketing. † (75) Finally, according to these definitions, it is obvious that (1) ‘branding’ is the process of creating, developing, protecting, and managing the special identity of the product, or the ‘brand’ (to differentiate it in the marketplace) and it is not only marketing effort, it includes all the companies efforts to build this differentiation; (2) the ‘brand’ is the end result of that process or the combination of all the tools used to create this special identity of the product; and (3) the ‘brand equity’ is the ‘feedback’ of the ‘branding’ process or the key to measure, assess, or weigh the end result ‘brand’ –as we saw previously in the Coca-Cola example- and compare it with what is desired or planned in the ‘branding’ process. In another word, ‘brand equity’ will show whether the ‘branding’ process and other marketing efforts (or even public relations) are on the right track or not.

Economic Icon: Chris Biehler

Economics is the social science that deals with the allocation of scarce resources, working to obtain the greatest satisfaction from society's unlimited wants. Many factors that deal with economics is the concepts of demand and supply. While most people may not really realize how economic takes place in their everyday life, while it is very obvious that it does. My job of working at a McDonald's is very much related to what I have learns in our economic course. The law of Demand states that the quantity of demanded of a good or service is inversely related to the price of a good or service. To have a demand for something you must be willing and able to purchase the good or service at the various prices during that time period. This is related to my job in many ways. There are five factors that make up the non-price determinants of demand, Income, tastes and preference, the price of related goods, expectations and population. So with the concept of demand if a person wants McDonald's then they must be willing and able to pay for the food and services. The first nonprice determinant being income. If a persons income changes they may not come to McDonalds as much anymore because they can now afford nicer good or services. Making a McDonald's an inferior good. An Inferior good is when there is an inverse relationship between income and demand. Another example may be now that your income has increased people may come to McDonald's more and buy a larger quantity of food, making it a normal good. Another determinant would be tastes and preferences, if people get in the mind set and McDonald's may cause obesity may increase, the demand for McDonald's may decrease while the demand for a healthier product may increase. Another example is price of related goods. The two types of related goods are substitutes and compliments. For example if price was to increase at McDonald's then people may go to Burger King to satisfy their fast food needs. Compliments would be if the price of burgers increase then the demand for fries may decrease because everyone knows that you do not go to McDonald's and not order french fries. Resulting in the ration customer going to buy other things. Another example is expectations, if people expect a pay bonus then, they may go out and buy things. A final determinant is population, the quantity demanded will increase if there are more people in society that are willing and able to buy McDonald's. Not only is demand related to my life but supply is as well. Supply is the willingness and ability of producers to sell a good or service at various prices during that given time period. The law of supply is the quantity demanded of a certain good or service is positively related to its price. One determinant is relevant resources. Another determinant is a change in technology. If McDonald's had advanced machine that would cook meat faster than food would be able to cook much fast and service would be quicker making more customers come to our store. Another example is change is the use of product. If the price of milkshakes increase, people may want to buy more ice cream resulting in our McDonald's being able to use the mix toward sundaes and cones. Another determinant would be change in expectations. Due to the summer months coming up McDonald's may increase or prepare to order more cases of the strawberry lemonade. A change in a number of producers is another determinant. Meaning that as supply increase or decrease their may be an increase or decrease in producers. Taxes and subsidies are more determinants alone with the weather. If the weather is poor and the McDonald's floods the supply will decrease. Another Thing that I find to relate to my life from what I have learned in our economic class is price floor. A price floor is a minimum is the legal minimum price below which a good or service may not be sold. For example minimum wage. As the prices in our economy increase, if there wasn't a price floor then McDonald's may want to offer lower wages, making it harder for a person to live. During our micro economics class there have been many aspects that I can relate to my life. This class is allowing my to expand my horizons and further understand economic concepts and how they apply to my life and the people's lives around me.